Violence against women is gender-based violence directed against women because they are women, or disproportionately affects women. It is also a serious violation of human rights. It includes acts such as sexual violence, including rape, female genital mutilation, forced marriages, forced abortions or sterilizations, human trafficking for sexual exploitation, stalking, sexual harassment, femicide, hate speech and gender-based crimes, and various forms of violence on the internet (cyber violence). Domestic violence is also a form of violence against women. The root cause of this violence is gender inequality, which is a manifestation of structural discrimination against women.

In 2025, during the 59th session of the UN Human Rights Council (HRC), the Czech Republic supported (co-sponsored) a resolution to increase efforts to eliminate all forms of violence against women and girls, with a focus on prevention through the fulfillment of economic, social, and cultural rights (submitted by Canada) and a resolution extending the mandate of the working group on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women and girls (submitted by Mexico and Chile). The Czech Republic also joined the joint statement by Uruguay on behalf of the Group of Friends of Children in Armed Conflict on gender-based violence against girls in conflicts and the joint statement by Cyprus condemning femicide. During the interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls, the Czech Republic also delivered a national statement and joined the joint statement by Colombia on gender-based violence. In the Third Committee of the UN General Assembly, the Czech Republic again submitted its national resolution on the protection of human rights in the context of digital technologies. Among other things, it emphasizes the unacceptability of all forms of online violence, including sexual exploitation and abuse, stalking, cyberbullying, unsolicited sharing of intimate content, sexual and gender-based violence, arbitrary or illegal surveillance, human trafficking, extortion, censorship, and illegal access to digital accounts, mobile phones, and other electronic devices.