Violence against women or gender-based violence represents a serious violation of human rights. It includes sexual violence, including rape, genital mutilation, forced marriage, forced abortion or sterilisation, human trafficking for sexual exploitation, dangerous stalking, sexual harassment, murder, hate speech and gender-based crimes, domestic violence and various forms of violence online (cyber violence).

According to UN data worldwide, almost one in three women over the age of fifteen have been subjected to physical or sexual violence, at least once in their life, either by an intimate partner or another perpetrator. The situation is further aggravated by various crises, whether due to war conflicts, economic instability or climate change. Similarly, the COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated the risks of violence against women and girls, and, in many cases, cemented its root causes.

The protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the rights of women and girls, along with the support of democracy are among the core foreign policy objectives of the Czech Republic. In accordance with its Human Rights and Transition Promotion Policy, the Czech Republic supports equal opportunities for men and women and firmly opposes violence against women and girls, including sexual violence in armed conflicts, on the ground as well as at international for a, be it meetings of the UN or other international organisations.