28th October commemorates the establishment of the independent Czechoslovak state in 1918, when its independence from Austria-Hungary was declared on Wenceslas Square in Prague. Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk was appointed the first President and Karel Kramář became the Prime Minister of the new government, which was formed in November 1918 on the basis of the Czechoslovak National Council.

Celebrations of the National Holiday take place all over Czechia, mainly by laying wreaths at the statues of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, of which there are many all around the country. One of the main events of the celebrations is a commemorative ceremony and military parade at the National Memorial at Vítkov in Prague in order to honour all those who died during the fight for the independence of Czechoslovakia.